NANOTECHNOLOGY: The science of future

NANOTECHNOLOGY 

Have you ever thought, if we make anything a million times smaller than its size, then how will it be used or can it be so! Let us imagine a future when computers will work faster, steel will be made lighter but a hundred times stronger, and diseases like Parkinson's and AIDS can be treated with the help of special medical tips. This is not a dream or a fantasy of any science, but all these possibilities with  nanotechnology working at the level of molecules and atoms are going to turn into reality in the future.

Actually, science of super-sized particles is called nano science. Since technology is a means of making science useful, Nanotechnology is actually a practical form of nanotechnology, scientists say that the tools, equipment  made by Nanotechnology are more subtle, less space consuming and more than the current tips Will become proficient.

In such a situation, it will become easier to handle the business of this world. It will also be easier to get more energy efficiency and to create environment friendly conditions, let's try to know what Nano actually is? 

Nanotechnology is the applied science, in which work on particles smaller than 100 nanometres is also done.

It is being said that in the future, nanotechnology will be the basis of every technology, in present day nanotechnology is being used in everything from our everyday necessities to medicine and big machinery, let us talk about nanotechnology through this article.

"Neno" is a Greek word, which literally means subtle, small or dwarf, and Neno is substances that are made up of super-sized elements. That is, this technology is the Applied Science, in which work on parts smaller than 100 nanometres is also done. Nanotechnology is the engineering of molecules and atoms, which combines subjects such as physics, chemistry, bio-informatics and bio-technology.

Do you know that with the help of this technology, revolutionary changes can be made in bio science, medical science, electronics, etc., because it can make any object light, strong and reliable, that is why this technology is fast-forward Are increasing

It would not be wrong to say that nanotechnology is the form of science, due to which small machines like mobile nails or such machines which can go and operate in small particles inside the body, it is surprising to hear, but with this technology all this is possible.

How was nanotechnology started

Ideas and concepts behind Nenoscience and Nenotechnology, physicist Richerd fenman said in a lecture at an American Physical Society meeting on 29 December 1959 at the Celifornia institute of tecnlogy (CalTech).

 

Richerd fenman

 "Considered Plenty of Room at the Bottom" and the same sentence later became the foundation of Nenotechnology. In his speech, fenman also described a process in which scientists would be able to manipulate and control individual atoms and molecules fenman dreamed of in his imagination. But then he neither had such modern and capable equipment nor so advanced facilities. It was not easy for him to play with atoms, as we have today, a decade later, in his exploration of cutting-edge machining, Professor Norio taniguchi used the term Nenotechnology.

 Norio taniguchi

What is Nanotechnology ? 

Nanotechnology is an area of ​​research and innovation related to the making of 'things' - in which, usually, materials and devices are built by placing them on the scale of atoms and molecules. If you understand this with an example

-A nanometer is one billionth of a meter:

- One nanometer ten times the diameter of the hydrogen atom.

-One nanometer is an average of the diameter of a human hair, 80,000 nanometers.

On such a scale, the general laws of physics and chemistry no longer apply. For example, the characteristics of materials, such as their color, strength, conductivity, and reactivity,

 Can vary greatly between nanoscale and macro. Carbon 'nanotube' is 100 times stronger than steel and six times lighter.

NANOTECHNOLOGY is very, very small. 

When something is at the nanoscale, it measures between 1 - 100 nanometers (nm) in at least one dimension. When things are this small, they are too small to see with our eyes, or even with a specific light microscope. Scientists have had to develop specialized equipment, such as scanning probe microscopes, to view materials that are on a nanometer-scale scale.

Some things are basically at the nanoscale scale, such as water molecules or silicon atoms.

Fundamental Principles of Nenoscience and Nanotechnology

It is also difficult to imagine how small Nenotechnology is. A nanometer is one billion meters, or 1 nanometer = 10-9 meters. Examples are

- There are 25,400,000 nanometers in 1 inch.

- 1 sheet of newspaper is about 100,000 nanometers thick.

Nenoscience and Nenotechnology have the ability to see and control atoms and molecules, everything on earth is made up of atoms - whether it is the food we eat, the clothes we wear, the buildings and houses our bodies etc. But it is impossible to see the atom with the help of eyes, even with a microscope.

The microscope microscope needed to see things at the nanoscale was invented about 30 years ago, with scanning tunneling microp (STM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) as well as Nenotechnology.

 

Benefits of Nanotechnology

With the help of Nenotechnology, many applications can be done by controlling the matter in the nanotechnology, which is not possible in normal conditions, the substances which are used in Nenotechnology are called nanomaterials.

Some of the uses of this technology are:

Manure can be made with Nenotechnology, which can increase crop production. 

Nenotechnology is already in use in our computers and electronic devices, for example silicon is used to make computer circuits and processors which is a semiconductor.

- In the coming time, this Nenotechnology will also be used in bulbs, due to which the consumption of electricity will be less and the light will be more.

- With this, such a micro-medicine can be made, which can identify any one of the millions of cancer cells and treat them separately.

-By understanding the molecular assembling of any substance in Nenotechnology, its size can be made as small as the size of your hair, and its processing capacity will be many times better than today.

In future, there will be no field that will not use Nenotechnology, technical experts believe that the time will come for Nenotechnology.

 

 

At NANOSCALE, things are represented differently and indirectly. 

At the nanoscale, many common materials exhibit unusual properties, such as for example, in macroscale, gold is 'gold' (Au) shiny and yellow. However, when gold particles are 25 NM in size, they appear red. Smaller particles make different contact with light, so gold particles appear a different color. Depending on the size and shape of the particles, gold may appear red, yellow, or blue.

What can nanotechnology do?

With the help of nanotechnology, we can increase the efficiency of energy consumption, clean the environment, and be used as the ability to solve major health problems. This can enable large scale manufacturing to increase production at a significantly lower cost. Nanotechnology products will be smaller, cheaper, lighter and more functional and

Less energy and less raw materials will be required to produce in the manufacturing production sector.

What about Nanotechnology in the developing world?

In the developing world, Brazil, Chile, China, India, Philippines, South Korea, South Africa and Thailand have shown their commitment to nanotechnology by establishing government-funded programs and research institutes. Researchers at the University of Toronto, Joint Center for Bioethics categorized these countries as 'front-runners' (China, South Korea, India) and 'middle ground' players (Thailand, Philippines, South Africa, Brazil, Chile) is. In addition, Argentina and Mexico are divided into 'up and comers'.

Although they have research groups studying nanotechnology, their governments have not yet organized dedicated funds.

 

 

What are the potential benefits for developing countries?

Nanotechnology is the solution for problems that impede the development of poor countries, especially in relation to health and sanitation, food security and the environment. According to one report "Nanotechnology" is particularly important in the developing world, as it requires less labor, and less land; Its uses are highly produced and economical; And this will require only a modest amount of material and energy ".

 

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